( immagine presa da internet) Buongiorno e auguro a tutti Buon Anno! Questo è il mio primo post che scrivo del gennaio 2011, il giorno dell'epifania ho provato questa ricettina a olio crudo e zafferano, questa ricetta contiene less fat than traditional spaghetti alla carbonara.
Serves 4
spaghetti 300 gr
150 grams of bacon
2 sachets of saffron
1 onion, extra virgin olive oil
pepper
salt
pecorino
Preparation
In a saucepan, saute the bacon, then toglietella and use the same pot and put a sliced \u200b\u200bonion with a diluted nut cooked in a little water, when it is ready add the bacon. In between cooked spaghetti. The spaghetti should be al dente drain and toss with the saffron diluted in a tablespoon of cooking water, then add the bacon with the onion and pepper pecorino cheese and olive oil .... I tried this recipe that I found on the packaging spice, very good
Saffron
true saffron (Crocus sativus) is a plant of the family Iridaceae . Bred in Asia Minor and in many states of the Mediterranean basin . In Italy larger crops are in Marche in Abruzzo and Sardinia , other growing areas of note are in Umbria and Tuscany . From trifid stigma we get the spice called "saffron", used in cooking and in some medicinal preparations.
The word saffron comes from the Latin word safranum, which in turn derives from the 'Arab zafaran (زعفران) (by Asfar (أصفر), which means "yellow ).
The plant is a Iridacee and belongs to the genus Crocus which includes about 80 species. The mature plant consists of a bulb-tuber a diameter of about 5 cm. The bulb contains about 20 undifferentiated buds from which arise all the organs of the plant, but typically are only 3 major gems that give rise to flowers and leaves, while other, smaller, produce only minor bulbs. During vegetative growth from the buds of the main bulb grow jets, one for each gem, so that each bulb will sprout from about 2 or 3. The jets emerge from the ground wrapped in a white, hard protective cuticle, which allows the plant to pierce the crust of the earth. The jet contains
leaves and flowers almost fully developed, once it has cleared the ground opens and allows the leaves to elongate and the flower to open completely.
The flower of the saffron is a perigonium made up of 6 petals deep violet color. The male part consists of 3 yellow anthers in which pollen is placed. The female part is formed from the ovary, style and stigmas. Ovary, located at the base of the bulb, it gives rise to a long-styled yellow that after traveling around the jet reaches the base of the flower, here is divided into 3 long stamens deep red. The leaves of Crocus sativus
are very narrow and elongated. Usually reach a length of 30/35 cm, and never exceed the width of 5 mm. The
Crocus sativus is a triploid plant sterile , is the result of intensive artificial selection of a species native to the island of Crete the Crocus cartwrightianus . A selection implemented by farmers trying to improve the production of stigmas. Its genetic structure makes it incapable of generating fertile seeds, so their reproduction is possible only for cloning the mother bulb and its spread is closely related to plant care umana.La enter into vegetative stasis in summer between June and September . In the early days of October are originated from the bulb 2 or 3 Spathes white, covered with a layer of hard coats, Spathes from leaking out of the ground about 10 bunches of leaves . At the end of the month, among the leaves, peep the first flowers. The vegetative activity slows during the winter and then resume in late March when the plant produces new bulbs. From May the leaves begin to dry out gradually, in June the new bulbs have accumulated the material stock and enter into stasis vegetativa.La plant Saffron is well suited to climates characterized by average rainfall is not very high (300-400 mm annually), typical of Spain and Greece . Tolerate even the wettest climates, as in Kashmir, where the index is very intense rainfall (1500-2000 mm annually). What the farmers need to absolutely avoid stagnation of water are very harmful to plant growth, which is why cultivation on steep terrain is slightly preferable to a flat-field. To avoid low permeability soils and heavy, only to face a growing on sandy soil or clay, with a good drenatura and highly porous.
bears rigid winter temperatures, even below 0 thermal, the bulbs begin to suffer when the thermometer drops below 12 ° less centigrade. The Crocus sativus tolerate even short periods of snow and frost. During the summer, when the plant is being retired , high temperatures do not create any problems with the bulb.
The cultivation techniques used are divided into:
technique
annual crop cultivation technique of multi-year Consiste nel prelevare dal terreno i bulbi-tuberi al termine di ogni ciclo vegetativo, quindi in estate, per poi rimetterli a dimora in un appezzamento di terreno differente da quello precedente. Questa tecnica è la più laboriosa ed impegnativa dal punto di vista del lavoro umano ma consente di ottenere una migliore qualità della spezia e dà la possibilità al coltivatore di poter controllare ogni anno lo stato di salute dei propri bulbi. La richiesta di manodopera ha un impatto notevole su questo tipo di coltivazione perché le procedure di lavorazione non sono facilmente meccanizzabili. Soltanto la lavorazione del terreno può essere svolta grazie all'utilizzo di macchine motocoltivatrici ; tutto Moreover, from picking to stay put in the bulbs, is implemented through manual labor. In July
or August the bulbs are harvested from the ground operation in which they often use small picks or hoes, so you can extract the bulbs without damaging them. That same day the external fat of the bulbs, a process that includes the removal of the tunic of the bulb and the elimination of the old bulbs too small to be used in the new crop. The bulbs will be replanted so prepared a few days later.
is adopted in cultured Italian Abruzzo, Tuscany e dell'Umbria. All'estero non viene praticamente utilizzata.
Vantaggi della coltura annuale:
Rotazione della coltura: si forniscono maggiori risorse alla pianta, per questo motivo si ricavano stimmi molto più lunghi e pregiati.
Controllo dei parassiti: prelevando ogni anno i bulbi si ha la possibilità di verificare se ci sono delle piante malate, separandole dalle altre si evita una possibile diffusione del parassita.
Migliore preparazione del terreno: il terreno su cui verrà preparata la nuova coltivazione è scelto in base ai requisiti richiesti dalla pianta. Nella primavera precedente alla messa in dimora dei bulbi il terreno è preparato con una corretta aratura di 30 cm di profondità. Contemporaneamente all'aratura to fertilize the soil with cattle manure in doses of about 300 q / has .
control weeds by : the preparation of the new medium allows the farmer to eliminate almost completely the presence of weeds.
Better distribution of bulbs: Each year the bulbs can be redistributed into the ground properly. In general, the plantation type is composed of more deep furrows around 15/20cm, the bulbs they sell at the base of the groove at a distance of 1cm from each other. Each groove is 30 cm away on the other hand, once covered is called the row. 4 files together are called bed, each bed is separated from the other by a groove passing at least 20cm deep and 40cm wide. The furrows between the beds are designed to allow the passage of farmers and should be especially valuable for channeling stormwater runoff.
Excessive demand for labor: a lot of work during the summer between July and August, that is when the bulbs are procured, tested and put back to home.
higher price of spice: as a direct consequence of the increased use of labor cost of the finished product is higher. The most common method of saffron-producing countries, provides that the bulbs are taken from the ground any given period of years. The plant will then stay in the same plantation for several years in a row. In Sardinia, the period is 4 years, Greece the bulbs are taken every seven years.
In these crops, soil preparation techniques are the same as in the cultivation year. The only difference is the placement of the bulbs in the furrow, this fact must be placed at a distance of about 12cm, to make room for new bulbs that are formed over the years.
lower operating costs in terms of labor, the land for replanting is prepared every 4 years minimum.
lower operating costs: no need to have the availability of lot of ground.
the plant has less resources: despite a good fertilization of the plant Crocus will have fewer resources from the ground each year. This translates into a quality lower than that of the spice from an annual crop.
Danger of parasites in controlling the spread of parasites is more complicated, the diseased plants should be identified and eliminated among others. The spice produced from Crocus sativus contains about 150 volatile aromatic substances. In addition, saffron is one of the foods richest in carotenoids , in fact, contains substances such as: Zeaxanthin the Lycopene and many alpha-beta carotenes .
The yellow-gold color, the spice that gives food, is due to dell'α- crocin . This compound is the result of the esterification reaction between β-D- gentiobiosio and carotenoid crocetin . The presence of glucose crocin gives the ownership of a water-soluble compound . At the same time, the presence of crocetin, a polyene containing a carboxylic group , makes a compound crocin hydrophobic , and fat soluble. Saffron also contains vitamins A , B1 and B2 . The bulb of the saffron is very sensitive to the action of fungi. A bulb-infested Fusarium oxysporum fails to generate flowers and fades quickly. To prevent the entire crop is infested and should immediately delete the bulbs sick, or resorting to the care of the bulbs with fungicide products.
Another danger for the cultivation of saffron is represented by the wild animals that eat the bulb as the mouse, the rat , the 'porcupine and boar . The mouse is not able to dig the ground, but it is very dangerous when the bulbs are taken from the ground and kept waiting for the new crop. The porcupine and wild boar are capable of digging the soil, the presence of these animals makes it so necessary to build a good fence to protect the coltura.Un time with saffron, which one uses the stigmas, were attributed to property antispasmodic, analgesic and sedative. Today, however, were found compounds abortion and the use of 20 g. a day of saffron can be fatal in any previous therapeutic indications are decadute.L 'use of saffron may also cause side effects such as dizziness , numbness and reduction of bleeding from the number of platelets (thrombocytopenia ) and hypoprothrombinemia (decreased prothrombin ).
Saffron, currently, is only used by the food and cuisine as a spice or dye , although it is rich in carotenoids which reduce cell damage caused by free radicals. [1] . One of its uses in the most typical Italian cuisine is the risotto alla Milanese or "yellow rice", so well known precisely for la colorazione che lo zafferano dà alla ricetta.
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